After the establishment of the Republic of Turkey, a movement called "National Architecture" started at the request of Atatürk. The buildings built under the influence of this movement appear today as symbols of the Republic. In this valuable year, the 100th anniversary of the Republic, republican structures with different functions will be discussed in this article.
Turkish Historical Society Building /ANKARA
The Turkish Historical Society Building is one of the first application projects designed by Cansever with Ertur Yener and built in Ankara. The architect, who attaches importance to exploring the geography he lives in and designing by taking the historical process into consideration, handles the history of the society with the design of the Turkish Historical Society building, which he designed with Ertur Yener, and the main function of the building.
While the building material that Turgut Cansever generally used in his buildings was reinforced concrete, in the Turkish Historical Society building, he did not neglect to analyze the nature, cultural and climate characteristics of the city where the building will be located, and preferred to present modern materials in the building in a traditional way by making a synthesis of the city, in addition to this, he also made a plan His use of the angle of incidence of the sun's rays while organizing his scheme guided the design of the work.
Florya Atatürk Marine Mansion / ISTANBUL
The mansion, built by architect Seyfi Arkan, who won the project competition opened by the Istanbul Municipality in 1935 for Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, was built as a summer residence on columns driven into the seabed 70 meters away from the beach and connected to the land by a bridge. Great Leader Mustafa Kemal Atatürk lived here for a long time in June and July 1936 and used the mansion especially for political and scientific meetings.
The mansion, connected to the land by a wooden pier, has a large garden. The mansion includes a bedroom, a bathroom, a large library and a study room.
Istanbul Textile Traders' Market / İSTANBUL
Istanbul Textile Traders' Market (IMÇ) is one of the important modern buildings of the city. In the shadow of the Suleymaniye Complex, it is a modern building complex that has dared to face the burden of history. The architects were influenced by the inns in Eminönü.
In the project, the shops are positioned according to the direction of the boulevard. It is placed around courtyards that provide views towards Suleymaniye and on pedestrian areas to ensure smooth pedestrian access. Pedestrian and vehicle circulation in the building is separated by design.
Tennis Club / ANKARA
In 1938, with the initiative of the provincial sports director Kerim Bükey, who was responsible for tennis in the sports organization of the period, two clay tennis courts were built behind the 19 Mayıs Stadium, the original master plan and the two structures built accordingly were designed by the Italian Architect Paolo Vietti-Violi. Tennis function has started at May Sports Complex. As the sport of tennis gained popularity in Ankara with national and international matches, a Tennis Club project, which was opened in 1954 and is still in use, was prepared by architect Reha Ortaçlı, came into operation. The Tennis Court project contains many unique details that represent the modern architectural approach of the period in which it was built. 19 Mayıs Stadium, seen in the photo below, was demolished in 2018.
The original building has a two-storey, compact form and is positioned parallel to the courts in front of it. The building has a unique form and silhouette that is created differently. The reinforced concrete side facades, which are planned at an angle relative to the ground plane, are inclined towards the middle at different angles from both sides at roof level, creating a broken flat roof, and the roof plate surrounds the building from both sides like a shell.
During the period, ideas emerged about how architectural elements of different sports branches could take place in urban spaces, and different sports facilities based on these ideas were created in urban spaces. One of the structures created as an example is Ankara Tennis Club.
In this article, 4 buildings after the Republican Period are discussed. However, when we look around the cities now, we can see many buildings that point to this period.
References
http://www.mimarlikdergisi.com/index.cfm?sayfa=mimarlik&DergiSayi=410&RecID=4225
https://imc.org.tr/tarihceler/1001
http://www.mimarlikdergisi.com/index.cfm?sayfa=mimarlik&DergiSayi=442&RecID=5746
https://www.mimarhane.org/turk_tarih_kurumu/
https://www.herumutortakarar.com/ankara-tenis-kulubu/
https://www.kulturportali.gov.tr/turkiye/istanbul/gezilecekyer/florya-ataturk-denz-kosku
