Although architecture is one of the first professions dating back to prehistory, the effectiveness of women dates back several centuries. Only three of the 100 largest architectural firms in the world are headed by women. Women have always had to try harder than their male counterparts, and as a result of these efforts, they have become pioneers in the architectural profession by creating very high-quality designs.
As ASPEN, we have compiled for you eight female architects who have overcome obstacles and changed the history of world architecture that shed light on other women;
Zaha Hadid
Recognized as a woman architect who constantly pushes the boundaries of her imagination, Zaha Hadid is the first woman architect to win the Pritzker Prize for Architecture.
Zaha Hadid was born in Iraq, studied art at the University of Beirut before starting her career at the Architectural Association in London. in 1979, he established his own office and taught at many prestigious institutions in the world. Before his death, he was a professor at the University of Applied Arts Vienna.
Zaha Hadid is known by the nickname “The Queen of the Curve” for the fact that she always uses fluid, organic lines and forms in her designs.
The London Aquatics Center, the Riverside Museum in Glasgow, the Generali Tower in Milan, and the Guangzhou Opera House are some of Hadid's famous buildings. in 2010, Time magazine included Hadid in its list of the Hundred Most Influential People of the Year.
the architectural heritage of Zaha Hadid, who decamped from us in 2016, and her eponymous company continue to keep alive and develop.
Denise Scott Brown
Denise Scott Brown has been a very influential figure in the development of the twentieth-century architectural design. He is known for his critical approach, modern style, and the way he sees urban design.
Born in Northern Rhodesia in 1931, Scott Brown studied first in South Africa and then in London. in 1960, Scott Brown completed his master's degree in planning at the University of Pennsylvania, where he was a member of the faculty, and soon after completed his master's degree in Architecture. 20th Century with his wife Robert Venturi, he became prominent both in the field of architecture and planning, as well as with his theoretical writings. he is considered to be among the most influential architects of the DEC.
Venturi, who won the Pritzker Prize in 1991, also conducted a study to recognize Scott Brown as a winner, but the Pritzker committee rejected this. Scott Brown continues to teach and write, although he is not currently designing.
Beverly Willis
Beverly Willis has designed or been a project consultant for more than eight hundred projects during her career. Willis, who has been a designer for 41 years, designs, 21. he is a pioneer of century projects. His works reach the whole world by expanding the boundaries of architecture.
He is an accomplished architect of national and international reputation, who has contributed significantly to the development of various architectural concepts and applications. Willis's best-known project is the San Francisco Ballet Building. Willis, who also has his own firm in San Francisco, has worked here for thirty-five years. After her retirement, Willis was involved in the creation of the Beverly Willis Foundation for Architecture, which has the mission of ”advancing the recognition and recognition of women's contributions to architecture".
Kazuyo Sejima
Kazuyo Sejima was born on October 29, 1956, in the Japanese province of Iberaki. Influenced by the designs of Kazuo Shinohara since childhood, Seijima decided to study architecture and completed her architectural education at the Japan Women's University in 1981.
in 1987, he established his own office, Kazuyo Sejima & Associates, and soon became a well-known architect in the country. Thanks to his increasingly developing designs, he became the winner of the Pritzker Architecture Award, which is considered one of the most prestigious awards in the field of architecture worldwide, with Ryue Nishizawa in 2010.
The space-environment relationship is at the forefront of Sejima's designs. In many of its structures, materials such as glass, marble, metal are used. Kazuyo Sejima, who creates his own unique style with modernist lines, has dec most preferred elements in his designs, such as square and cube forms.
Emma Miloyo
Emma Miloyo was born and raised in Nairobi. Jomo studied architecture at the Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology and graduated with a bachelor of architecture degree in 2006. Having received an honorary degree in architecture, she was also elected the first female president of the Architectural Association of Kenya. He is also the co-founder of the Kiota School.
Miloyo, who started her studies at the architecture firm Design Source, which she co-founded in January 2007, and is still continuing her studies, is leading the way for women that they can really break the glass ceiling and realize their dreams.
Marion Mahony Griffin
Marion Mahony Griffin is one of the world's first female architects. Griffin, who received a bachelor's degree after graduating from MIT in 1894, was the first to start working under Frank Lloyd Wright. Griffin, who worked as a painter, made a great contribution to the formation of the Prairie architectural style of Frank Lloyd Wright. While working for Wright, he designed mosaics, lighting fixtures, furniture and leaded glass in his projects.
Griffin's works include the David Amberg Residence (Michigan) and the Adolph Mueller House (Illinois), which are among the most famous dec in the world.
Norma Merrick Sklarek
Norma Merrick Sklarek, whose life is full of firsts, became the first black woman to be awarded a bachelor of architecture in both New York and California, and she is also the first black woman to be a member of the American Institute of Architects. Throughout her life, she has always been a pioneer for women, opposing major discrimination with her achievements.
Sklarek was one of only two women to graduate from architecture school in 1950 and the only African-American. At that time, firms were not hiring women or African Americans. Although he was rejected by many firms during his job search, he did not give up and did an architectural job with the Skidmore Owings & Merrill firm in 1955.
Sklarek has been very successful in his career and has been the manager of Gruen Associates, an architectural firm. Later, she founded Sklarek Siegel Diamond, the largest one-woman architectural firm in America.
Among his designs, his best-known projects are Terminal One at Los Angeles International Airport (DECX) and the U.S. Embassy building in Tokyo and Japan.
Elisabeth Scott
in 1927, Elisabeth Scott became the first female architect in the UK to win an international architectural competition in Stratford-upon-Avon for her design of the Shakespeare Memorial Theatre. Although she was the only applicant, she was the first among more than 70 candidates. The theater building he designed is the most important public building designed by a female architect at that time. This achievement of Elisabeth Scott was also recognized in the press with such headlines as “The Female Architect Beats Men”, “The Unknown Girl's Leap to Fame”. Scott began his architectural career in 1919 and graduated in 1924. Scott has always been a pioneer in helping women take part in life and for his fellow men by fighting so that women don't stay in the background. During the completion process of the theater building he designed, he decided to hire as many women as possible, and also worked with mostly female clients in business life. in 1929, he worked at the Marie Curie Hospital in Hampstead, after which he expanded the hospital to treat 700 women a year.
Referances:
https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denise_Scott_Brown
http://architectuul.com/architect/norma-merrick-sklarek
https://placesjournal.org/article/marion-mahony-griffin/?cn-reloaded=1
https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anasayfa
https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2011/jan/29/elisabeth-scott-royal-shakespeare-theatre
